PV and BESS profitability calculator
The calculator computes IRR, NPV, LCOE, DSCR and payback for PV and BESS projects using market benchmarks for the selected country. All financing models — cash, leasing, project finance and ESCO — run on the same versioned engine.
Parameters
Technology
- Project market
- Romania
- Reference market
- Romania
Financing models
Equity IRR: 24.2%, NPV at WACC: 8.1m EUR, Payback period: 4.2 years
24.25%
Equity IRR
8,099,993EUR
NPV at WACC
60.09EUR/MWh
LCOE
—
Minimum DSCR
4.21years
Payback period
1,204,750EUR
EBITDA year 1
The calculations are indicative and based on market benchmarks. They do not constitute investment advice or an offer. A precise analysis requires project data.
Cumulative equity cash flow
Detailed comparison
Equity IRR
- All-cash purchase24.25%
- Operating lease80.64%
- Project finance53.24%
- ESCO / OPEX model—
NPV at WACC
- All-cash purchase8,099,993 EUR
- Operating lease8,186,068 EUR
- Project finance8,368,315 EUR
- ESCO / OPEX model9,455,346 EUR
Equity engaged
- All-cash purchase4,700,000 EUR
- Operating lease470,000 EUR
- Project finance1,410,000 EUR
- ESCO / OPEX model0 EUR
60.09EUR/MWh
LCOE (technology cost)
Comparison table
| Metric | All-cash purchase | Operating lease | Project finance | ESCO / OPEX model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net outlay | 4,700,000 | 4,700,000 | 4,700,000 | 4,700,000 |
| Equity | 4,700,000 | 470,000 | 1,410,000 | 0 |
| Debt / financed amount | 0 | 4,230,000 | 3,290,000 | 0 |
| EBITDA year 1 | 1,204,750 | 1,204,750 | 1,204,750 | 914,550 |
| NPV at WACC | 8,099,993 | 8,186,068 | 8,368,315 | 9,455,346 |
| Project IRR | 24.25% | 22.83% | 24.25% | — |
| Equity IRR | 24.25% | 80.64% | 53.24% | — |
| Payback period | 4.21 | 1.34 | 1.94 | 0.00 |
| Discounted payback period | 5.13 | 1.46 | 2.16 | 0.00 |
| Minimum DSCR | — | — | 2.78 | — |
| Average DSCR | — | — | 2.98 | — |
| Total benefit over the horizon | 24,839,094 | 19,383,147 | 20,247,941 | 18,642,558 |
ESCO performs best on NPV because the investor puts up no capital — but the investor does not acquire the asset either. Neither ownership of the installation nor its residual value at the end of the horizon remains on the investor's side.
ESCO / OPEX model
- The ESCO model engages no equity, so IRR is undefined. Comparison with an outright cash purchase does not account for the loss of asset ownership and residual value after the contract term.